RMI2

Gene Summary

Gene:RMI2; RecQ mediated genome instability 2
Aliases: BLAP18, C16orf75
Location:16p13.13
Summary:RMI2 is a component of the BLM (RECQL3; MIM 604610) complex, which plays a role in homologous recombination-dependent DNA repair and is essential for genome stability (Xu et al., 2008 [PubMed 18923082]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2008]
Databases:OMIM, HGNC, Ensembl, GeneCard, Gene
Protein:recQ-mediated genome instability protein 2
Source:NCBIAccessed: 31 August, 2019

Cancer Overview

Research Indicators

Publications Per Year (1994-2019)
Graph generated 31 August 2019 using data from PubMed using criteria.

Literature Analysis

Mouse over the terms for more detail; many indicate links which you can click for dedicated pages about the topic.

  • BLM
  • Bloom Syndrome
  • Bone Cancer
  • Chromosome 16
  • Cultured Cells
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • DNA topoisomerase III
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Recombinases
  • Mitosis
  • Cell Nucleus
  • RecQ Helicases
  • MYCN
  • Fibrosarcoma
  • AURKA
  • RMI1
  • FANCD2
  • Computational Biology
  • Sequence Homology
  • Cancer Gene Expression Regulation
  • Transcriptome
  • Protein Folding
  • Chromatin
  • Heterografts
  • DNA Helicases
  • Aurora Kinase A
  • FANCD2
  • DNA Damage
  • Signal Transduction
  • HeLa Cells
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • GEN1
  • DNA Repair
  • Metaphase
  • Holliday Junction Resolvases
  • Genomic Instability
  • Sister Chromatid Exchange
  • DNA, Cruciform
  • siRNA
Tag cloud generated 31 August, 2019 using data from PubMed, MeSH and CancerIndex

Specific Cancers (2)

Data table showing topics related to specific cancers and associated disorders. Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression.

Note: list is not exhaustive. Number of papers are based on searches of PubMed (click on topic title for arbitrary criteria used).

Latest Publications: RMI2 (cancer-related)

Xu MD, Liu SL, Zheng BB, et al.
The radiotherapy-sensitization effect of cantharidin: Mechanisms involving cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair.
Pancreatology. 2018; 18(7):822-832 [PubMed] Related Publications
BACKGROUND: Cantharidin is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A), and has been frequently used in clinical practice. In our previous study, we proved that cantharidin could arrest cell cycle in G2/M phase. Since cells at G2/M phase are sensitive to radiotherapy, in the present study, we investigated the radiotherapy-sesitization effect of cantharidin and the potential mechanisms involved.
METHODS: Cell growth was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. DNA damage was visualized by phospho-Histone H2A.X staining. Expression of mRNA was tested by microarray assay and real-time PCR. Clinical information and RNA-Seq expression data were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic cancer cohort. Survival analysis was obtained by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
RESULTS: Cantharidin strengthened the growth inhibition effect of irradiation. Cantharidin drove pancreatic cancer cells out of quiescent G0/G1 phase and arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase. As a result, cantharidin strengthened DNA damage which was induced by irradiation. Moreover, cantharidin repressed expressions of several genes participating in DNA damage repair, including UBE2T, RPA1, GTF2HH5, LIG1, POLD3, RMI2, XRCC1, PRKDC, FANC1, FAAP100, RAD50, RAD51D, RAD51B and DMC1, through JNK, ERK, PKC, p38 and/or NF-κB pathway dependent manners. Among these genes, worse overall survival for pancreatic cancer patients were associated with high mRNA expressions of POLD3, RMI2, PRKDC, FANC1, RAD50 and RAD51B, all of which could be down-regulated by cantharidin.
CONCLUSION: Cantharidin can sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to radiotherapy. Multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair, may be involved.

Zhang W, Liu B, Wu W, et al.
Targeting the MYCN-PARP-DNA Damage Response Pathway in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer.
Clin Cancer Res. 2018; 24(3):696-707 [PubMed] Free Access to Full Article Related Publications

Li L, Karanika S, Yang G, et al.
Androgen receptor inhibitor-induced "BRCAness" and PARP inhibition are synthetically lethal for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Sci Signal. 2017; 10(480) [PubMed] Free Access to Full Article Related Publications
Cancers with loss-of-function mutations in

Hudson DF, Amor DJ, Boys A, et al.
Loss of RMI2 Increases Genome Instability and Causes a Bloom-Like Syndrome.
PLoS Genet. 2016; 12(12):e1006483 [PubMed] Free Access to Full Article Related Publications
Bloom syndrome is a recessive human genetic disorder with features of genome instability, growth deficiency and predisposition to cancer. The only known causative gene is the BLM helicase that is a member of a protein complex along with topoisomerase III alpha, RMI1 and 2, which maintains replication fork stability and dissolves double Holliday junctions to prevent genome instability. Here we report the identification of a second gene, RMI2, that is deleted in affected siblings with Bloom-like features. Cells from homozygous individuals exhibit elevated rates of sister chromatid exchange, anaphase DNA bridges and micronuclei. Similar genome and chromosome instability phenotypes are observed in independently derived RMI2 knockout cells. In both patient and knockout cell lines reduced localisation of BLM to ultra fine DNA bridges and FANCD2 at foci linking bridges are observed. Overall, loss of RMI2 produces a partially active BLM complex with mild features of Bloom syndrome.

Singh TR, Ali AM, Busygina V, et al.
BLAP18/RMI2, a novel OB-fold-containing protein, is an essential component of the Bloom helicase-double Holliday junction dissolvasome.
Genes Dev. 2008; 22(20):2856-68 [PubMed] Free Access to Full Article Related Publications
Bloom Syndrome is an autosomal recessive cancer-prone disorder caused by mutations in the BLM gene. BLM encodes a DNA helicase of the RECQ family, and associates with Topo IIIalpha and BLAP75/RMI1 (BLAP for BLM-associated polypeptide/RecQ-mediated genome instability) to form the BTB (BLM-Topo IIIalpha-BLAP75/RMI1) complex. This complex can resolve the double Holliday junction (dHJ), a DNA intermediate generated during homologous recombination, to yield noncrossover recombinants exclusively. This attribute of the BTB complex likely serves to prevent chromosomal aberrations and rearrangements. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a novel member of the BTB complex termed BLAP18/RMI2. BLAP18/RMI2 contains a putative OB-fold domain, and several lines of evidence suggest that it is essential for BTB complex function. First, the majority of BLAP18/RMI2 exists in complex with Topo IIIalpha and BLAP75/RMI1. Second, depletion of BLAP18/RMI2 results in the destabilization of the BTB complex. Third, BLAP18/RMI2-depleted cells show spontaneous chromosomal breaks and are sensitive to methyl methanesulfonate treatment. Fourth, BLAP18/RMI2 is required to target BLM to chromatin and for the assembly of BLM foci upon hydroxyurea treatment. Finally, BLAP18/RMI2 stimulates the dHJ resolution capability of the BTB complex. Together, these results establish BLAP18/RMI2 as an essential member of the BTB dHJ dissolvasome that is required for the maintenance of a stable genome.

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Cite this page: Cotterill SJ. C16orf75, Cancer Genetics Web: http://www.cancer-genetics.org/C16orf75.htm Accessed:

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This page in Cancer Genetics Web by Simon Cotterill is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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